If a patient's abdomen is protuberant but soft and non-distended, what is the most likely diagnosis?

A protuberant abdomen that is soft and non-distended is often indicative of obesity. In cases of obesity, the increased fat deposits can lead to a visually distended abdomen, but typically, the abdomen does not show signs of rigidity or tension, which distinguishes it from conditions that cause true abdominal distension such as organ enlargement or fluid accumulation.

In contrast, a hernia would typically present with a bulging area that might be tender or firm, especially if it is incarcerated or strangulated. An enlarged liver and an enlarged spleen would generally lead to an abdomen that feels firm or tense due to the underlying organ enlargement, causing discomfort or pain. Therefore, the soft, non-distended nature of the abdomen, combined with its protuberance, aligns more closely with a diagnosis of obesity.