Which condition is characterized by a low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue leading to increased skeletal fragility?

The condition characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue, which leads to increased skeletal fragility, is osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder marked by compromised bone strength, predisposing individuals to an increased risk of fractures. The underlying mechanisms involve an imbalance between bone resorption and bone formation, where bone resorption outpaces the formation of new bone, leading to a decrease in overall bone density.

Osteoporosis can be influenced by several risk factors, including age, gender, hormonal changes (especially post-menopause in women), nutritional deficiencies (such as calcium and vitamin D), and lack of physical activity. Because the disease often develops silently without symptoms until a fracture occurs, it is essential for individuals at risk to monitor their bone health proactively.

In contrast, rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune condition that primarily affects joint tissues, leading to inflammation and pain, but does not directly cause low bone mass as a primary characteristic. Osteomalacia involves the softening of bones due to inadequate bone mineralization, primarily due to vitamin D deficiency, and while it affects bone strength, it is distinct from the structural deterioration seen in osteoporosis. Paget's disease of bone involves abnormal and excessive remodeling of bone tissue, resulting in enlargements and deformities rather than